pcaggs gfp Search Results


knockout  (Addgene inc)
92
Addgene inc knockout
Knockout, supplied by Addgene inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/knockout/product/Addgene inc
Average 92 stars, based on 1 article reviews
knockout - by Bioz Stars, 2026-04
92/100 stars
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gfp pcaggs-plasmid (0.3 g)  (Amaxa)
90
Amaxa gfp pcaggs-plasmid (0.3 g)
Gfp Pcaggs Plasmid (0.3 G), supplied by Amaxa, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/gfp pcaggs-plasmid (0.3 g)/product/Amaxa
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
gfp pcaggs-plasmid (0.3 g) - by Bioz Stars, 2026-04
90/100 stars
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pcaggs-cdh11-ires-gfp  (VectorBuilder GmbH)
90
VectorBuilder GmbH pcaggs-cdh11-ires-gfp
To determine the stages at which <t>CDH11</t> may function in NC development, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to visualize its endogenous expression in chick embryos. (A-T’) IHC using rabbit anti-CDH11 (yellow; A, E, I, M, M’, Q, Q’), PAX7 (pink; B, F, J, N, N’, R, R’), and HNK1 (blue; C, G, K, O, O’, S, S’) at (A-E) 1 somite stage (SS), (E-H) 5 SS, (I-L) 7 SS, (M-P’) 9 SS, and (Q-T’) 15 SS. (A-H) From 1SS to 5SS, CDH11 is localized throughout the neural plate/tube, but does not co-localize with either HNK1 in the mesoderm or PAX7 in the neural plate border at 1 SS. White arrows in E-H indicate lack of accumulation of CDH11 in the dorsal neural tube at this stage. (I-L) At 7 SS and (M-P) 9 SS CDH11 expression is upregulated and co-localized with PAX7 and HNK1 proteins in the premigratory and migratory NC cells in addition to its expression in the cranial mesenchyme. (M’-P’) Zoom in of dashed box in (M-P). (Q-T) At 15 SS CDH11 is weakly expressed in the neural tube and maintains expression in the migratory NC cells, overlapping with PAX7. (Q’-T’) Zoom in of dashed box in (Q-T). The early expression of CDH11 prior to migration suggests that it has a role in premigratory NC cell development. Scale bars in A-D as indicated in A, E-H in E, I-L in I, M-P in M, M’-P’ in M’, Q-T in Q, and Q’-T’ in Q’.
Pcaggs Cdh11 Ires Gfp, supplied by VectorBuilder GmbH, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/pcaggs-cdh11-ires-gfp/product/VectorBuilder GmbH
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
pcaggs-cdh11-ires-gfp - by Bioz Stars, 2026-04
90/100 stars
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pcaggs-gfp (30 µl at 0.5 µg/µl in sterile pbs containing 20% w/v fast blue)  (Parker Hannifin)
90
Parker Hannifin pcaggs-gfp (30 µl at 0.5 µg/µl in sterile pbs containing 20% w/v fast blue)
To determine the stages at which <t>CDH11</t> may function in NC development, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to visualize its endogenous expression in chick embryos. (A-T’) IHC using rabbit anti-CDH11 (yellow; A, E, I, M, M’, Q, Q’), PAX7 (pink; B, F, J, N, N’, R, R’), and HNK1 (blue; C, G, K, O, O’, S, S’) at (A-E) 1 somite stage (SS), (E-H) 5 SS, (I-L) 7 SS, (M-P’) 9 SS, and (Q-T’) 15 SS. (A-H) From 1SS to 5SS, CDH11 is localized throughout the neural plate/tube, but does not co-localize with either HNK1 in the mesoderm or PAX7 in the neural plate border at 1 SS. White arrows in E-H indicate lack of accumulation of CDH11 in the dorsal neural tube at this stage. (I-L) At 7 SS and (M-P) 9 SS CDH11 expression is upregulated and co-localized with PAX7 and HNK1 proteins in the premigratory and migratory NC cells in addition to its expression in the cranial mesenchyme. (M’-P’) Zoom in of dashed box in (M-P). (Q-T) At 15 SS CDH11 is weakly expressed in the neural tube and maintains expression in the migratory NC cells, overlapping with PAX7. (Q’-T’) Zoom in of dashed box in (Q-T). The early expression of CDH11 prior to migration suggests that it has a role in premigratory NC cell development. Scale bars in A-D as indicated in A, E-H in E, I-L in I, M-P in M, M’-P’ in M’, Q-T in Q, and Q’-T’ in Q’.
Pcaggs Gfp (30 µl At 0.5 µg/µl In Sterile Pbs Containing 20% W/V Fast Blue), supplied by Parker Hannifin, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/pcaggs-gfp (30 µl at 0.5 µg/µl in sterile pbs containing 20% w/v fast blue)/product/Parker Hannifin
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
pcaggs-gfp (30 µl at 0.5 µg/µl in sterile pbs containing 20% w/v fast blue) - by Bioz Stars, 2026-04
90/100 stars
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pcaggs-gfp  (Amaxa)
90
Amaxa pcaggs-gfp
To determine the stages at which <t>CDH11</t> may function in NC development, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to visualize its endogenous expression in chick embryos. (A-T’) IHC using rabbit anti-CDH11 (yellow; A, E, I, M, M’, Q, Q’), PAX7 (pink; B, F, J, N, N’, R, R’), and HNK1 (blue; C, G, K, O, O’, S, S’) at (A-E) 1 somite stage (SS), (E-H) 5 SS, (I-L) 7 SS, (M-P’) 9 SS, and (Q-T’) 15 SS. (A-H) From 1SS to 5SS, CDH11 is localized throughout the neural plate/tube, but does not co-localize with either HNK1 in the mesoderm or PAX7 in the neural plate border at 1 SS. White arrows in E-H indicate lack of accumulation of CDH11 in the dorsal neural tube at this stage. (I-L) At 7 SS and (M-P) 9 SS CDH11 expression is upregulated and co-localized with PAX7 and HNK1 proteins in the premigratory and migratory NC cells in addition to its expression in the cranial mesenchyme. (M’-P’) Zoom in of dashed box in (M-P). (Q-T) At 15 SS CDH11 is weakly expressed in the neural tube and maintains expression in the migratory NC cells, overlapping with PAX7. (Q’-T’) Zoom in of dashed box in (Q-T). The early expression of CDH11 prior to migration suggests that it has a role in premigratory NC cell development. Scale bars in A-D as indicated in A, E-H in E, I-L in I, M-P in M, M’-P’ in M’, Q-T in Q, and Q’-T’ in Q’.
Pcaggs Gfp, supplied by Amaxa, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/pcaggs-gfp/product/Amaxa
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
pcaggs-gfp - by Bioz Stars, 2026-04
90/100 stars
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pcaggs-gfp plasmid  (Okabe Co Ltd)
90
Okabe Co Ltd pcaggs-gfp plasmid
To determine the stages at which <t>CDH11</t> may function in NC development, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to visualize its endogenous expression in chick embryos. (A-T’) IHC using rabbit anti-CDH11 (yellow; A, E, I, M, M’, Q, Q’), PAX7 (pink; B, F, J, N, N’, R, R’), and HNK1 (blue; C, G, K, O, O’, S, S’) at (A-E) 1 somite stage (SS), (E-H) 5 SS, (I-L) 7 SS, (M-P’) 9 SS, and (Q-T’) 15 SS. (A-H) From 1SS to 5SS, CDH11 is localized throughout the neural plate/tube, but does not co-localize with either HNK1 in the mesoderm or PAX7 in the neural plate border at 1 SS. White arrows in E-H indicate lack of accumulation of CDH11 in the dorsal neural tube at this stage. (I-L) At 7 SS and (M-P) 9 SS CDH11 expression is upregulated and co-localized with PAX7 and HNK1 proteins in the premigratory and migratory NC cells in addition to its expression in the cranial mesenchyme. (M’-P’) Zoom in of dashed box in (M-P). (Q-T) At 15 SS CDH11 is weakly expressed in the neural tube and maintains expression in the migratory NC cells, overlapping with PAX7. (Q’-T’) Zoom in of dashed box in (Q-T). The early expression of CDH11 prior to migration suggests that it has a role in premigratory NC cell development. Scale bars in A-D as indicated in A, E-H in E, I-L in I, M-P in M, M’-P’ in M’, Q-T in Q, and Q’-T’ in Q’.
Pcaggs Gfp Plasmid, supplied by Okabe Co Ltd, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/pcaggs-gfp plasmid/product/Okabe Co Ltd
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
pcaggs-gfp plasmid - by Bioz Stars, 2026-04
90/100 stars
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pcaggs-gfp (momose et al., 1999)  (Intracel Corp)
90
Intracel Corp pcaggs-gfp (momose et al., 1999)
To determine the stages at which <t>CDH11</t> may function in NC development, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to visualize its endogenous expression in chick embryos. (A-T’) IHC using rabbit anti-CDH11 (yellow; A, E, I, M, M’, Q, Q’), PAX7 (pink; B, F, J, N, N’, R, R’), and HNK1 (blue; C, G, K, O, O’, S, S’) at (A-E) 1 somite stage (SS), (E-H) 5 SS, (I-L) 7 SS, (M-P’) 9 SS, and (Q-T’) 15 SS. (A-H) From 1SS to 5SS, CDH11 is localized throughout the neural plate/tube, but does not co-localize with either HNK1 in the mesoderm or PAX7 in the neural plate border at 1 SS. White arrows in E-H indicate lack of accumulation of CDH11 in the dorsal neural tube at this stage. (I-L) At 7 SS and (M-P) 9 SS CDH11 expression is upregulated and co-localized with PAX7 and HNK1 proteins in the premigratory and migratory NC cells in addition to its expression in the cranial mesenchyme. (M’-P’) Zoom in of dashed box in (M-P). (Q-T) At 15 SS CDH11 is weakly expressed in the neural tube and maintains expression in the migratory NC cells, overlapping with PAX7. (Q’-T’) Zoom in of dashed box in (Q-T). The early expression of CDH11 prior to migration suggests that it has a role in premigratory NC cell development. Scale bars in A-D as indicated in A, E-H in E, I-L in I, M-P in M, M’-P’ in M’, Q-T in Q, and Q’-T’ in Q’.
Pcaggs Gfp (Momose Et Al., 1999), supplied by Intracel Corp, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/result/pcaggs-gfp (momose et al., 1999)/product/Intracel Corp
Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
pcaggs-gfp (momose et al., 1999) - by Bioz Stars, 2026-04
90/100 stars
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pcaggs-c17orf59-ires-gfp (plasmid #73029)  (Addgene inc)
N/A
Standard format: Plasmid sent in bacteria as agar stab
   Buy from Supplier
pseudotyped δg-gfp (g*δg-gfp) rvsvw/ pcaggs-g-kan  (KeraFAST)
N/A
   Buy from Supplier

Image Search Results


To determine the stages at which CDH11 may function in NC development, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to visualize its endogenous expression in chick embryos. (A-T’) IHC using rabbit anti-CDH11 (yellow; A, E, I, M, M’, Q, Q’), PAX7 (pink; B, F, J, N, N’, R, R’), and HNK1 (blue; C, G, K, O, O’, S, S’) at (A-E) 1 somite stage (SS), (E-H) 5 SS, (I-L) 7 SS, (M-P’) 9 SS, and (Q-T’) 15 SS. (A-H) From 1SS to 5SS, CDH11 is localized throughout the neural plate/tube, but does not co-localize with either HNK1 in the mesoderm or PAX7 in the neural plate border at 1 SS. White arrows in E-H indicate lack of accumulation of CDH11 in the dorsal neural tube at this stage. (I-L) At 7 SS and (M-P) 9 SS CDH11 expression is upregulated and co-localized with PAX7 and HNK1 proteins in the premigratory and migratory NC cells in addition to its expression in the cranial mesenchyme. (M’-P’) Zoom in of dashed box in (M-P). (Q-T) At 15 SS CDH11 is weakly expressed in the neural tube and maintains expression in the migratory NC cells, overlapping with PAX7. (Q’-T’) Zoom in of dashed box in (Q-T). The early expression of CDH11 prior to migration suggests that it has a role in premigratory NC cell development. Scale bars in A-D as indicated in A, E-H in E, I-L in I, M-P in M, M’-P’ in M’, Q-T in Q, and Q’-T’ in Q’.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cadherin-11 is required for neural crest determination and survival

doi: 10.1101/2020.05.18.066613

Figure Lengend Snippet: To determine the stages at which CDH11 may function in NC development, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to visualize its endogenous expression in chick embryos. (A-T’) IHC using rabbit anti-CDH11 (yellow; A, E, I, M, M’, Q, Q’), PAX7 (pink; B, F, J, N, N’, R, R’), and HNK1 (blue; C, G, K, O, O’, S, S’) at (A-E) 1 somite stage (SS), (E-H) 5 SS, (I-L) 7 SS, (M-P’) 9 SS, and (Q-T’) 15 SS. (A-H) From 1SS to 5SS, CDH11 is localized throughout the neural plate/tube, but does not co-localize with either HNK1 in the mesoderm or PAX7 in the neural plate border at 1 SS. White arrows in E-H indicate lack of accumulation of CDH11 in the dorsal neural tube at this stage. (I-L) At 7 SS and (M-P) 9 SS CDH11 expression is upregulated and co-localized with PAX7 and HNK1 proteins in the premigratory and migratory NC cells in addition to its expression in the cranial mesenchyme. (M’-P’) Zoom in of dashed box in (M-P). (Q-T) At 15 SS CDH11 is weakly expressed in the neural tube and maintains expression in the migratory NC cells, overlapping with PAX7. (Q’-T’) Zoom in of dashed box in (Q-T). The early expression of CDH11 prior to migration suggests that it has a role in premigratory NC cell development. Scale bars in A-D as indicated in A, E-H in E, I-L in I, M-P in M, M’-P’ in M’, Q-T in Q, and Q’-T’ in Q’.

Article Snippet: DNA plasmids pCAGGS-CDH11-IRES-GFP (VectorBuilder.com), Sirius-H2B-C-10 (injected as marker for CDH11MO) was a gift from Michael Davidson to Addgene (Addgene plasmid # 55226; http://n2t.net/addgene:55226 ; RRID:Addgene_55226), and were introduced in a similar manner to morpholinos described above.

Techniques: Immunohistochemistry, Expressing, Migration

To determine the stage at which CDH11 is necessary for NC cell development, embryos were injected at HH4 and collected at multiple stages to analyze NC progenitor marker, PAX7. (A-F’) IHC for PAX7 on embryos injected unilaterally with CDH11MO at HH4 and collected between 3 SS and 10 SS. (G-H’) IHC for Pax7 in embryo injected unilaterally with ContMO and collected at 6 SS. (I, J) Actual PAX7+ cell counts of UI and morpholino-injected sides. (A) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH8-(3 SS) embryo with (B) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (A’, B’) Transverse section of (A, B) with PAX7-positive NC cells circled. Mean number of cells at HH8-is 21.43 on UI and 21.14 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.94, n= 14. (C) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH8 embryo with (C) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (C’, D’) Transverse section of (C, D) with PAX7-positive NC cells circled. Mean number of cells at HH8 is 49.53 on UI and 29.89 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.0005, n= 19. (E) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH10 embryo with (F) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (F’) Transverse section of (F) with PAX7-positive NC cells. Mean number of cells at HH10 is 56.00 on UI and 36.57 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.01, n= 7. (G) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH8 embryo with (H) overlay with ContMO (green). (G’, H’) Transverse sections of (G, H) with PAX7-positive NC cells circled. Mean number of cells on UI side is 35.8 and on ContMO-injected side is 34.4, p= 0.74, n= 14. Dashed circles indicate area of UI side and are mirrored on injected sides to demonstrate changes in the NC cell population density. At 5 SS the NC cell population is less dense in the CDH11MO-side compared to UI when compared to 3 SS and ContMO-injected embryos. Scale bars are as marked (100 µm for whole mount and 50 µm for sections). Anterior to top in all whole mount images, dorsal to top in all sections. Loss of CDH11 reduces the PAX7-positive NC cell population after induction (I, HH5-3SS) and at a point between specification and determination (5 SS).

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cadherin-11 is required for neural crest determination and survival

doi: 10.1101/2020.05.18.066613

Figure Lengend Snippet: To determine the stage at which CDH11 is necessary for NC cell development, embryos were injected at HH4 and collected at multiple stages to analyze NC progenitor marker, PAX7. (A-F’) IHC for PAX7 on embryos injected unilaterally with CDH11MO at HH4 and collected between 3 SS and 10 SS. (G-H’) IHC for Pax7 in embryo injected unilaterally with ContMO and collected at 6 SS. (I, J) Actual PAX7+ cell counts of UI and morpholino-injected sides. (A) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH8-(3 SS) embryo with (B) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (A’, B’) Transverse section of (A, B) with PAX7-positive NC cells circled. Mean number of cells at HH8-is 21.43 on UI and 21.14 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.94, n= 14. (C) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH8 embryo with (C) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (C’, D’) Transverse section of (C, D) with PAX7-positive NC cells circled. Mean number of cells at HH8 is 49.53 on UI and 29.89 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.0005, n= 19. (E) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH10 embryo with (F) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (F’) Transverse section of (F) with PAX7-positive NC cells. Mean number of cells at HH10 is 56.00 on UI and 36.57 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.01, n= 7. (G) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH8 embryo with (H) overlay with ContMO (green). (G’, H’) Transverse sections of (G, H) with PAX7-positive NC cells circled. Mean number of cells on UI side is 35.8 and on ContMO-injected side is 34.4, p= 0.74, n= 14. Dashed circles indicate area of UI side and are mirrored on injected sides to demonstrate changes in the NC cell population density. At 5 SS the NC cell population is less dense in the CDH11MO-side compared to UI when compared to 3 SS and ContMO-injected embryos. Scale bars are as marked (100 µm for whole mount and 50 µm for sections). Anterior to top in all whole mount images, dorsal to top in all sections. Loss of CDH11 reduces the PAX7-positive NC cell population after induction (I, HH5-3SS) and at a point between specification and determination (5 SS).

Article Snippet: DNA plasmids pCAGGS-CDH11-IRES-GFP (VectorBuilder.com), Sirius-H2B-C-10 (injected as marker for CDH11MO) was a gift from Michael Davidson to Addgene (Addgene plasmid # 55226; http://n2t.net/addgene:55226 ; RRID:Addgene_55226), and were introduced in a similar manner to morpholinos described above.

Techniques: Injection, Marker

To determine if loss of CDH11 affected neural progenitors and definitive NC cells in addition to NC progenitors, embryos were injected unilaterally with CDH11MO or ContMO and IHC was performed for neural progenitors (SOX2) and definitive NC cells (SOX9, SNAI2, SOX10). (A) IHC for SOX2 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (D) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (C) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of SOX2+ cells is 80.20 on UI and 79.50 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.90, n= 5. (D) IHC for SOX9 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (E) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (F) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of SOX9+ cells is 20.34 on UI and 11.85 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.04, n= 11. (G) IHC for SNAI2 in transverse section from HH9 embryo with (H) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (I) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of SNAI2+ cells is 22.75 on UI and 13.75 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.001, n= 16. (J) IHC for SOX10 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (K) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (L) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of SOX10+ cells is 20.35 on UI and 11.87 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.01, n= 18. Reducing CDH11 significantly reduces the entire population of premigratory NC cells without affecting the SOX2-positive neural tube progenitors. All graphs show mean (indicated on graph) and median (line within graph). Scale bar for A, B, D, E, G, H, J, K indicated in A.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cadherin-11 is required for neural crest determination and survival

doi: 10.1101/2020.05.18.066613

Figure Lengend Snippet: To determine if loss of CDH11 affected neural progenitors and definitive NC cells in addition to NC progenitors, embryos were injected unilaterally with CDH11MO or ContMO and IHC was performed for neural progenitors (SOX2) and definitive NC cells (SOX9, SNAI2, SOX10). (A) IHC for SOX2 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (D) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (C) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of SOX2+ cells is 80.20 on UI and 79.50 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.90, n= 5. (D) IHC for SOX9 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (E) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (F) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of SOX9+ cells is 20.34 on UI and 11.85 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.04, n= 11. (G) IHC for SNAI2 in transverse section from HH9 embryo with (H) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (I) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of SNAI2+ cells is 22.75 on UI and 13.75 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.001, n= 16. (J) IHC for SOX10 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (K) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (L) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of SOX10+ cells is 20.35 on UI and 11.87 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.01, n= 18. Reducing CDH11 significantly reduces the entire population of premigratory NC cells without affecting the SOX2-positive neural tube progenitors. All graphs show mean (indicated on graph) and median (line within graph). Scale bar for A, B, D, E, G, H, J, K indicated in A.

Article Snippet: DNA plasmids pCAGGS-CDH11-IRES-GFP (VectorBuilder.com), Sirius-H2B-C-10 (injected as marker for CDH11MO) was a gift from Michael Davidson to Addgene (Addgene plasmid # 55226; http://n2t.net/addgene:55226 ; RRID:Addgene_55226), and were introduced in a similar manner to morpholinos described above.

Techniques: Injection

To determine the cause of reduced NC cell population after CDH11 knockdown, embryos were injected unilaterally with CDH11MO or ContMO and IHC was performed for activated caspase 3 (*Casp3) to mark apoptotic cells or phosphorylated histone H3 (PH3) to mark mitotic cells. (A) IHC for *Casp3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (B) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (C) Graph showing fold difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of *Casp3+ apoptotic bodies is 17.90 on UI and 31.86 on CDH11MO-injected side and there is a 77% increase in *Casp3 expression on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.04, n= 14. (D) IHC for *Casp3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (E) overlay with ContMO (green). (F) Graph showing difference between UI and ContMO-injected sides. Mean number of *Casp3+ apoptotic bodies is 9.36 on UI and 9.36 on ContMO-injected side, p=0.97, n= 14. (G) IHC for PH3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (H) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (I) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of PH3+ cells is 6.20 on UI and 5.20 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.50, n= 20. (J) IHC for PH3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (K) overlay with ContMO (green). (L) Graph showing difference between UI and ContMO-injected sides. Mean number of PH3+ cells is 5.88 on UI and 4.75 on ContMO-injected side, p= 0.54, n= 8. Loss of CDH11 increases cell death on injected side. All graphs show mean (indicated on graph) and median (line within graph). Scale bar for A, B, D, E, G, H, J, K indicated in A.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cadherin-11 is required for neural crest determination and survival

doi: 10.1101/2020.05.18.066613

Figure Lengend Snippet: To determine the cause of reduced NC cell population after CDH11 knockdown, embryos were injected unilaterally with CDH11MO or ContMO and IHC was performed for activated caspase 3 (*Casp3) to mark apoptotic cells or phosphorylated histone H3 (PH3) to mark mitotic cells. (A) IHC for *Casp3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (B) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (C) Graph showing fold difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of *Casp3+ apoptotic bodies is 17.90 on UI and 31.86 on CDH11MO-injected side and there is a 77% increase in *Casp3 expression on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.04, n= 14. (D) IHC for *Casp3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (E) overlay with ContMO (green). (F) Graph showing difference between UI and ContMO-injected sides. Mean number of *Casp3+ apoptotic bodies is 9.36 on UI and 9.36 on ContMO-injected side, p=0.97, n= 14. (G) IHC for PH3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (H) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (I) Graph showing difference between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Mean number of PH3+ cells is 6.20 on UI and 5.20 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.50, n= 20. (J) IHC for PH3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (K) overlay with ContMO (green). (L) Graph showing difference between UI and ContMO-injected sides. Mean number of PH3+ cells is 5.88 on UI and 4.75 on ContMO-injected side, p= 0.54, n= 8. Loss of CDH11 increases cell death on injected side. All graphs show mean (indicated on graph) and median (line within graph). Scale bar for A, B, D, E, G, H, J, K indicated in A.

Article Snippet: DNA plasmids pCAGGS-CDH11-IRES-GFP (VectorBuilder.com), Sirius-H2B-C-10 (injected as marker for CDH11MO) was a gift from Michael Davidson to Addgene (Addgene plasmid # 55226; http://n2t.net/addgene:55226 ; RRID:Addgene_55226), and were introduced in a similar manner to morpholinos described above.

Techniques: Injection, Expressing

To determine if the NC and *Casp3 phenotypes are resulted from p53-mediated apoptosis, embryos were injected with multiple combinations of treatments to attempt to rescue the phenotype. (A-D) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH8-HH9 embryos after (A) CDH11MO, (B) CDH11MO+CDH11-GFP, (C) p53MO, or (D) CDH11MO+p53MO. Inset shows CDH11MO injection (green). (E) IHC for PAX7 in transverse section from HH9 embryo with (F) overlay with CDH11MO+CDH11-GFP (green). (G) IHC for PAX7 in transverse section from HH9 embryo with (H) overlay with CDH11MO+p53MO (green). (I) IHC for *Casp3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (J) overlay with CDH11MO+p53MO (green). (K) Graph showing difference in PAX7 expression between UI and injected sides. Mean number of PAX7+ cells is 42.8 on UI and 28.6 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.02, n= 18. Mean number of PAX7+ cells is 47.77 on UI and 57.23 on CDH11MO+CDH11-GFP-injected side, p= 0.15, n= 13. Mean number of PAX7+ cells is 35.06 on UI and 39.94 on CDH11MO+p53MO-injected side, p= 0.48, n= 16. (L) Graph showing difference in *Casp3 expression between UI and injected sides. Mean number of *Casp3+ cells is 17.90 on UI and 31.86 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.04, n= 14. Mean number of *Casp3 + cells is 40.20 on UI and 36.80 on CDH11MO+CDH11-GFP-injected side, p= 0.71, n= 10. Mean number of *Casp3 + cells is 16.50 on UI and 14.17 on CDH11MO+p53MO-injected side, p= 0.68, n= 12. All graphs show mean (indicated on graph) and median (line within graph). Phenotypes were rescued by co-injection with full length CDH11 as well as by blocking p53 translation suggesting that the NC phenotype is due to cell death after loss of CDH11. Scale bars for E, f are as marked in E and G, H, I, and J are marked in G.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cadherin-11 is required for neural crest determination and survival

doi: 10.1101/2020.05.18.066613

Figure Lengend Snippet: To determine if the NC and *Casp3 phenotypes are resulted from p53-mediated apoptosis, embryos were injected with multiple combinations of treatments to attempt to rescue the phenotype. (A-D) Whole mount IHC for PAX7 in HH8-HH9 embryos after (A) CDH11MO, (B) CDH11MO+CDH11-GFP, (C) p53MO, or (D) CDH11MO+p53MO. Inset shows CDH11MO injection (green). (E) IHC for PAX7 in transverse section from HH9 embryo with (F) overlay with CDH11MO+CDH11-GFP (green). (G) IHC for PAX7 in transverse section from HH9 embryo with (H) overlay with CDH11MO+p53MO (green). (I) IHC for *Casp3 in transverse section from HH8 embryo with (J) overlay with CDH11MO+p53MO (green). (K) Graph showing difference in PAX7 expression between UI and injected sides. Mean number of PAX7+ cells is 42.8 on UI and 28.6 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.02, n= 18. Mean number of PAX7+ cells is 47.77 on UI and 57.23 on CDH11MO+CDH11-GFP-injected side, p= 0.15, n= 13. Mean number of PAX7+ cells is 35.06 on UI and 39.94 on CDH11MO+p53MO-injected side, p= 0.48, n= 16. (L) Graph showing difference in *Casp3 expression between UI and injected sides. Mean number of *Casp3+ cells is 17.90 on UI and 31.86 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.04, n= 14. Mean number of *Casp3 + cells is 40.20 on UI and 36.80 on CDH11MO+CDH11-GFP-injected side, p= 0.71, n= 10. Mean number of *Casp3 + cells is 16.50 on UI and 14.17 on CDH11MO+p53MO-injected side, p= 0.68, n= 12. All graphs show mean (indicated on graph) and median (line within graph). Phenotypes were rescued by co-injection with full length CDH11 as well as by blocking p53 translation suggesting that the NC phenotype is due to cell death after loss of CDH11. Scale bars for E, f are as marked in E and G, H, I, and J are marked in G.

Article Snippet: DNA plasmids pCAGGS-CDH11-IRES-GFP (VectorBuilder.com), Sirius-H2B-C-10 (injected as marker for CDH11MO) was a gift from Michael Davidson to Addgene (Addgene plasmid # 55226; http://n2t.net/addgene:55226 ; RRID:Addgene_55226), and were introduced in a similar manner to morpholinos described above.

Techniques: Injection, Expressing, Blocking Assay

To determine if the NC determination and cell death phenotype affects cell morphology in vivo (A-D) embryos were injected unilaterally with CDH11MO and IHC was performed for E-cadherin (CDH1) to mark epithelial cells and SOX9 to mark definitive NC cells. To determine if the CDH11 knockdown phenotype affects cell morphology and migration ex vivo (E-H’’) Embryos were injected unilaterally with CDH11MO and the injected and UI sides were dissected from HH8 embryos, cultured on fibronectin coated slides, and stained for filamentous actin (F-actin). (A) IHC for CDH1 in transverse section from 10 SS embryo with (B) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (A’) Zoom in of dashed box from (A) showing rounded cell morphology in dorsal neural tube in CDH11MO-injected versus UI side. (B’) Overlay with CDH11MO. (A’’) Zoom in of dashed box from (A’) and (A’’’) overlay with SOX9-positive cells. (C) IHC for SOX9 in transverse section from the same 10 SS embryo from (A) with (D) overlay with CDH11MO (green) demonstrating reduced migration on CDH11-injected side. (E-F’’) Staining for F-actin in explant from embryo unilaterally injected with CDH11MO at (E) 20X and (F) 40X magnification. (F’) Zoom in of single follower cell from CDH11MO-injected explant. (F’’) Zoom in of single leading cell from CDH11MO-injected explant. Both cells are significantly closer to epithelial explant and smaller than UI cells. (G-H’’) Staining for F-actin in explant from UI side at (G) 20X and (H) 40X magnification. (H’) Zoom in of grouped follower cells from UI explant. (H’’) Zoom in of single leading cell from UI explant. (I) Graph showing in vivo difference in CDH1 between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Corrected mean total cell fluorescence of CDH1 in the dorsal neural tube is 1645.5 on UI and 2202.9 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.02, n= 11. (J) Graph showing difference in migration in vivo from midline of PAX7 and SOX9-positive cells between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Average distance migrated away from midline by PAX7+ cells is 136.8 µm on UI and 76.93 µm on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.006, n= 11 cells. Average distance migrated away from midline by SOX9+ cells is 166.87 µm on UI and 115.22 µm on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.002, n= 19. (K) Graph showing average distance migrated ex vivo by cells from explant is 73.7 µm from UI explant and 53.6 µm from CDH11MO-injected explant, p= 0.02, n= 17 cells. (L) Graph showing average cell length is 36.8 µm in UI explants and 19.0 µm in CDH11MO-injected explants, p= 5.6E-08, n= 23 cells. Overall, loss of CDH11 significantly reduces NC cell population, affects their morphology, and reduces cell migration as a result. All graphs show mean (indicated on graph) and median (line within graph). Scale bars for A, B, C and D are as marked in A, A’, B’ are marked in A’, A’’ and A’’’ are marked in A’’, E and G are marked in E, F and H are marked in F, F’-H’’ are marked in F’.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cadherin-11 is required for neural crest determination and survival

doi: 10.1101/2020.05.18.066613

Figure Lengend Snippet: To determine if the NC determination and cell death phenotype affects cell morphology in vivo (A-D) embryos were injected unilaterally with CDH11MO and IHC was performed for E-cadherin (CDH1) to mark epithelial cells and SOX9 to mark definitive NC cells. To determine if the CDH11 knockdown phenotype affects cell morphology and migration ex vivo (E-H’’) Embryos were injected unilaterally with CDH11MO and the injected and UI sides were dissected from HH8 embryos, cultured on fibronectin coated slides, and stained for filamentous actin (F-actin). (A) IHC for CDH1 in transverse section from 10 SS embryo with (B) overlay with CDH11MO (green). (A’) Zoom in of dashed box from (A) showing rounded cell morphology in dorsal neural tube in CDH11MO-injected versus UI side. (B’) Overlay with CDH11MO. (A’’) Zoom in of dashed box from (A’) and (A’’’) overlay with SOX9-positive cells. (C) IHC for SOX9 in transverse section from the same 10 SS embryo from (A) with (D) overlay with CDH11MO (green) demonstrating reduced migration on CDH11-injected side. (E-F’’) Staining for F-actin in explant from embryo unilaterally injected with CDH11MO at (E) 20X and (F) 40X magnification. (F’) Zoom in of single follower cell from CDH11MO-injected explant. (F’’) Zoom in of single leading cell from CDH11MO-injected explant. Both cells are significantly closer to epithelial explant and smaller than UI cells. (G-H’’) Staining for F-actin in explant from UI side at (G) 20X and (H) 40X magnification. (H’) Zoom in of grouped follower cells from UI explant. (H’’) Zoom in of single leading cell from UI explant. (I) Graph showing in vivo difference in CDH1 between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Corrected mean total cell fluorescence of CDH1 in the dorsal neural tube is 1645.5 on UI and 2202.9 on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.02, n= 11. (J) Graph showing difference in migration in vivo from midline of PAX7 and SOX9-positive cells between UI and CDH11MO-injected sides. Average distance migrated away from midline by PAX7+ cells is 136.8 µm on UI and 76.93 µm on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.006, n= 11 cells. Average distance migrated away from midline by SOX9+ cells is 166.87 µm on UI and 115.22 µm on CDH11MO-injected side, p= 0.002, n= 19. (K) Graph showing average distance migrated ex vivo by cells from explant is 73.7 µm from UI explant and 53.6 µm from CDH11MO-injected explant, p= 0.02, n= 17 cells. (L) Graph showing average cell length is 36.8 µm in UI explants and 19.0 µm in CDH11MO-injected explants, p= 5.6E-08, n= 23 cells. Overall, loss of CDH11 significantly reduces NC cell population, affects their morphology, and reduces cell migration as a result. All graphs show mean (indicated on graph) and median (line within graph). Scale bars for A, B, C and D are as marked in A, A’, B’ are marked in A’, A’’ and A’’’ are marked in A’’, E and G are marked in E, F and H are marked in F, F’-H’’ are marked in F’.

Article Snippet: DNA plasmids pCAGGS-CDH11-IRES-GFP (VectorBuilder.com), Sirius-H2B-C-10 (injected as marker for CDH11MO) was a gift from Michael Davidson to Addgene (Addgene plasmid # 55226; http://n2t.net/addgene:55226 ; RRID:Addgene_55226), and were introduced in a similar manner to morpholinos described above.

Techniques: In Vivo, Injection, Migration, Ex Vivo, Cell Culture, Staining, Fluorescence

(A) Image depicting NC cell development in normal NC cells (CDH11+) and cells lacking CDH11 (CDH11-). Normal cells undergo EMT, exit the neural tube, migrate collectively, and then progressively mesenchymalize as development proceeds. Normal lamellipodial and filopodial projections form as the cells navigate through the extracellular matrix. In the absence of CDH11, NC cells are induced, but undergo p53-mediated apoptosis due to either 1) inability to complete EMT/migration or 2) altered intracellular signaling in the absence of CDH11. PAX7, SOX9, SNAI2, and SOX10 positive cells are all significantly reduced in the absence of CDH11 while *Casp3 is upregulated. (B) Simplified NC GRN identifying NC specifiers and multiple putative inputs into the CDH11 upstream regulatory region as identified by ATAC-seq performed on premigratory NC cells . Little is known about the downstream targets and effectors of most cadherin proteins in the NC GRN with the exception of CDH6B and CDH11 in migratory NC cells ( ; ), and therefore identifying their targets in premigratory NC cells is essential. Direct binding relationships are indicated with solid lines while putative regulatory relationships are indicated by dashed lines. Letters indicate species in which experiments were performed: x= Xenopus , c= chicken, m= mouse. GRN information sourced from .

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Cadherin-11 is required for neural crest determination and survival

doi: 10.1101/2020.05.18.066613

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Image depicting NC cell development in normal NC cells (CDH11+) and cells lacking CDH11 (CDH11-). Normal cells undergo EMT, exit the neural tube, migrate collectively, and then progressively mesenchymalize as development proceeds. Normal lamellipodial and filopodial projections form as the cells navigate through the extracellular matrix. In the absence of CDH11, NC cells are induced, but undergo p53-mediated apoptosis due to either 1) inability to complete EMT/migration or 2) altered intracellular signaling in the absence of CDH11. PAX7, SOX9, SNAI2, and SOX10 positive cells are all significantly reduced in the absence of CDH11 while *Casp3 is upregulated. (B) Simplified NC GRN identifying NC specifiers and multiple putative inputs into the CDH11 upstream regulatory region as identified by ATAC-seq performed on premigratory NC cells . Little is known about the downstream targets and effectors of most cadherin proteins in the NC GRN with the exception of CDH6B and CDH11 in migratory NC cells ( ; ), and therefore identifying their targets in premigratory NC cells is essential. Direct binding relationships are indicated with solid lines while putative regulatory relationships are indicated by dashed lines. Letters indicate species in which experiments were performed: x= Xenopus , c= chicken, m= mouse. GRN information sourced from .

Article Snippet: DNA plasmids pCAGGS-CDH11-IRES-GFP (VectorBuilder.com), Sirius-H2B-C-10 (injected as marker for CDH11MO) was a gift from Michael Davidson to Addgene (Addgene plasmid # 55226; http://n2t.net/addgene:55226 ; RRID:Addgene_55226), and were introduced in a similar manner to morpholinos described above.

Techniques: Migration, Binding Assay